The thing about the English language, in particular, is that it's very fluid. There are no National Linguistic Academies that frown on new words. In English, we just take them on.
English is made up of Latin, Greek, French and Anglo-Saxon, in (very) general terms. Again, in very (very) general terms, longer words are usually Latin or Greek; shorter words are Anglo-Saxon. "Conglomerate" vs get together. "Empowerment" vs make it happen. Medical and scientific terminology is generally from Latin or Greek.
Julius Caesar came over to Britain in 55BC, and then there was a full invasion in 43AD. We adapted to Roman customs, laws and standards for several hundred years and the language,I imagine, eventually brushed off on us. The Germanic tribes took over in about 490AD (hence the Angles, Jutes and Saxons) and then the Vikings arrived at the end of the 8th century.
The French conquest (1066) brought another few hundred years of foreign domination and the imposition of French cuisine. That's why we eat pork (porc) not pig; mutton (mouton) not sheep, and beef (boeuf) not cow. Our culinary vocabulary is mostly French; we have gravy (gravé) on our meat, make puddings (boudin) and eat mousse, blancmange and dessert. Fish and chips are both olde English.
We do, however, have an élite (French) who frequent hotels (French), have private yachts (Dutch), drink tea (Chinese), go to bazaars for lemons (Persian), wear cashmere pyjamas (Hindi) and enjoy la dolce vita (Italian).